Home water purification systems can solve many water quality problems, including bad taste and odor. Different systems help with specific contaminants, such as chemicals, bacteria, minerals, or pesticides. Multiple technologies can be combined to provide comprehensive protection against various water quality concerns. Here are several types of water purification systems for home use:
Reverse Osmosis
Reverse osmosis (RO) systems use semi-permeable membranes to remove a high percentage of contaminants from drinking water. These membranes block particles larger than water molecules, such as lead and arsenic. Some RO systems have multiple filtration stages, such as sediment filters and carbon pre-filters. Under-the-sink models can connect directly to the home’s plumbing and feature a dedicated drinking water faucet. An advanced water purification system may incorporate remineralization stages to restore beneficial minerals to the water. Tank-based RO units store filtered water for immediate use, while tankless models provide on-demand purified water and take up minimal cabinet space.
Activated Carbon Filters
Activated carbon filters use adsorption technology, relying on porous carbon material to trap contaminants. These filters effectively remove chlorine, pesticides, and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from water. They also remove:
- Herbicides
- Chloroform
- Mercury
- Lead
- Arsenic
- Bad Color
Common formats include pitcher filters, faucet attachments, and under-sink systems with varying capacities. Carbon filters can enhance water taste by removing compounds like hydrogen sulfide and chloramines. Some advanced models combine activated carbon with other media, such as kinetic degradation fluxion (KDF), to improve the removal of chlorine, heavy metals, and other contaminants. Carbon filtration is ideal for households with municipally treated water that requires better taste and odor control.
Ultraviolet (UV) Purification
UV purification uses ultraviolet light to destroy microorganisms by damaging their DNA. It is a chemical-free method that can disinfect without altering taste or mineral content. These purification systems may feature clear chambers where water passes through concentrated UV light. Whole-house models can disinfect all incoming water, while point-of-use units target specific fixtures. Pre-filtration may improve effectiveness by enhancing light penetration.
Water Distillers
Water distillers help purify water by boiling it and collecting the condensed steam, removing bacteria, viruses, and heavy metals. The systems can use glass or stainless steel containers, with some models featuring carbon post-filters for volatile compounds. Automatic distillers provide a continuous supply and may effectively remove fluoride, arsenic, and other contaminants.
Whole House Filtration Systems
Installing a whole-house filtration system treats all of the water that enters your home, protecting plumbing and appliances. Point-of-entry filters typically use activated carbon or catalytic carbon blends and can be installed after the water meter but before the water heater and branch line connections. Some models feature backwashing systems that reverse water flow through the filter media for self-cleaning. Multi-stage systems can address specific regional water concerns, such as excess iron, sulfur, or sediment.
Install a Water Purification System Today
A well-maintained water purification system can provide long-lasting performance for removing heavy metals and pesticides from your water. Before purchasing a system, test your water to identify the specific contaminants that need to be addressed. For personalized recommendations, consult with a water quality and filtration professional today.
